A Novel Hierarchical Overlay for Structured Peer-to-Peer Network

Large-scale P2P systems typically have hundreds of thousands of peers that involve frequent dynamic activities. Empirical studies have shown that participating nodes in P2P systems are not equivalent. Such heterogeneity has been taken into account in the design of P2P systems. In this paper, to achieve better scalability and improve the routing performance of REIK, we design a novel hierarchical REIK overlay network by exploiting super peers, HiREIK. REIK is an inverse Kautz based overlay network with Byzantine fault tolerance. In HiREIK, the peers are organized into clusters, and the clusters themselves are organized in a top-level overlay network. The results show that the hierarchical design can significantly reduce the expected number of hops in REIK system. We also propose a scalable design for managing the clusters and the super-peers.