Advanced calibration and normalization techniques for time domain reflection and transmission measurements

The authors present a new advanced data-processing technique for error correction of the time domain network analyzer. The approach reduces the systematic errors of the time domain network analyzer significantly. The error correction is based on a frequency domain twoport error model. All measurements proceed in the time domain, while the error correction itself proceeds completely in the frequency domain. The calibration and normalization software package TTRECS is not restricted to the calculation of the normalized time domain signals, but the corrected frequency domain S-parameters can also be found