Some viewpoints and experiences on wide area measurement systems and wide area control systems

In this paper, key techniques, limits and feasible applications of wide area measurement system (WAMS) and wide area control system (WACS) are investigated and the framework for Wide area Monitoring Analysis Protection-control (WARMAP) is introduced to break those limitations. Based on engineering experiences in China, application functions depending merely on phasor measurement unit (PMU) data are clarified; those using both PMU data and model simulation results are explored. The paper also points out the bottleneck and the possible solutions, and reports engineering applications of WARMAP in power grids in China.