Optimal operation tracking energy management system for a battery-equipped BTS microgrid

The energy supply (and loads) of a BTS consisting of unreliable electric grid supply (ex. in developing countries), diesel engine generator and battery with or without PV plant can be considered to be a micro grid operation problem with the goal of guaranteeing uninterrupted power supply for the station and associated air conditioning equipment at low cost, low CO₂ emissions and low engine tear despite uncertainties. To achieve optimal system operation, optimal battery charge/discharge cycles and diesel engine operation have to be derived. Under the theoretical full information assumption, this constitutes a classical optimization problem. However, with incomplete uncertain information during real operation, more intelligence such as adaptive prediction and optimization methods capable of treating uncertainties (ex. unknown blackout start/stop time) are needed to achieve near optimal performance. This paper introduces architecture and algorithms of an energy management system for optimum operation tracking. Simulation results show good performance close to theoretical optimal operation.