Optimization algorithm of initial orbit based on internal penalty function method

In order to track spacecrafts in boost phase, many kinds of TT&C devices are used, including radar devices, optical devices, unified TT&C devices, satellite tracking devices and rocket tracking devices. Because of the differences between the observation scopes of different TT&C stations, different devices and different TT&C systems, it is necessary to process the data separately by sort instead of process unified, which leads to several different initial orbit elements. How to get one most optical or accurate orbit by calculation will be important to the initial orbit control and flight performance. In this article, first, primary analysis of many sorts of data sources for initial orbit determination is carried out. Second, based on the characteristics of initial orbit for spacecraft, and with system optimization theory, one internal penalty function method for initial orbit optimization is given. The rationality and correctness is validated by practical calculation. The method provides an academic support for improving the precision of initial orbit calculation.