On adaptive underwater object detection

A new algorithm for the detection of underwater objects in sonar imagery is proposed. One particularly novel component of the algorithm also detects the presence of, and estimates the orientation of, sand ripples. The overall algorithm is made extremely fast by employing a cascaded architecture and by exploiting integral-image representations. As a result, the method makes real-time detection of objects in streaming sonar data collected by an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) feasible. No training data is required because the proposed method is adaptively tailored to the environmental characteristics of the sensed data that is collected in situ. The flexible yet rigorous approach also addresses and overcomes five major limitations that plague the most popular detection algorithms that are in common use. Moreover, the proposed algorithm achieves superior performance across a variety of seabed types on a large, challenging data set of real sonar data collected at sea. Ways to exploit the findings and adapt AUV surveys for optimized detection performance are also suggested.