Do it this way: equal opportunity programming for kids

End-user programming is becoming increasingly common-from setting the controls on a VCR to creating a home-finance spreadsheet. This paper describes Leogo, a novel user-interface that promotes programming skills in primary and junior schools. Users can express their programming tasks through any mixture of three concurrently active programming paradigms: by direct-manipulation using `programming by demonstration´; by clicking buttons and dragging sliders in an iconic language; and by typing commands in a normal text-based language. Leogo´s design, development and evaluation are described