PHEVs as dynamically configurable dispersed energy storage for V2B uses in the smart grid

Vehicle-to-building (V2B) provides an option to use the battery energy in electric vehicles to support loads in the power grid. Many researchers have shown that vehicle-togrid (V2G) has many potential benefits. But for various practical reasons wide application of this concept is envisioned on a 5-10 year time horizon. We have focused on V2B as a concept that is practically viable today and may be implemented on a 3-5 year time horizon. This paper aims at demonstrating the potential benefits of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) as dynamically configurable dispersed energy storage acting at the convergence of transportation and power system. A new parking facility as an energy exchange station called "smart garage" is discussed in this paper. Based on the availability analysis of smart garages, the benefits of using BEVs/PHEVs as energy storage for demand side management (DSM) and outage management (OM) are discussed in detail. A strategy to adopting BEVs/PHEV uses in the V2B mode under the peak load and outage condition is studied and demonstrated with test cases.