Simulation of high-voltage DC breakdown for angled dielectric insulators including space-charge and gas-collision effects

Summary form only given. We report on 2D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations of a semi-infinite, two-electrode, angled-dielectric Bergeron geometry with steady-state fields in vacuum or background gas. We extend an improved PIC model by Taverniers, et al. [1], which includes often-neglected models for space charge, surface charge, particle distributions, and the shape of the secondary-emission curve [2] with enhanced modeling of emission from metals and dielectrics [3], multiple finite-thickness electrodes, and triple-point emission following Schächter´s theory [4].