Drug infusion for control of blood pressure during anesthesia

A fuzzy-logic based controller has been developed to manage multiple parameters of the hemodynamic states with multiple vasoactive drugs, each drug with its own effectiveness but some, perhaps, even counter-effective. This controller features three components: (1) A fuzzy decision analysis module for patient status determination and therapeutic strategy formulation by assessing cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index, and pulmonary vascular resistance index. (2) A fuzzy hemodynamic management module utilizing dopamine, phenylephrine, nitroprusside, and nitroglycerin for regulating mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, and cardiac output. (3) A rule-based drug-delivery scheduling program supervises the patient safety, current therapeutic strategy, and the drug effectiveness. This system is demonstrated on a simulation model where it has shown to be effective for a wide range of patient types that require critical care