Protection for switching systems: lightning, power grid, EMC, NEMP and related phenomena

Like all telecommunication systems, switching systems must be designed to provide reasonable quality of service in an interference-producing electromagnetic environment, and at the same time limit the extent of any electromagnetic interference which they may generate. This paper summarizes the strategy of FRANCE TELECOM and its suppliers while placing it into an international context. In particular, it emphasizes the specific measures taken both in researching electromagnetic interference and in verifying the principles and rules applied