Valve-regulated lead/acid batteries for telecommunications service

The widespread use of valve regulated lead/acid (VRLA) batteries for telecommunications service has resulted in high levels of reliability and reduced operating costs. The development of VRLA batteries to meet critical requirements for both large and small applications is described. The range of sealed lead/acid batteries has been extended to larger capacities using both absorptive glass mat and gel technologies. For smaller batteries, better efficiency and durability is being achieved with cells using pure lead grids. These approaches are discussed and future directions for the further development of VRLA batteries for telecommunications are indicated