Using Attached Processors to Achieve High-Speed Real-Time Simulation

Commercially available real-time simulation systems, usually based on a real-time version of Linux, can support real-time simulations with frame times as low as 10 to 20 microseconds. There is, however, a growing class of problems for which shorter frame times are essential. This is true for example of hardware-in-the-loop simulations of many power electronic and automobile engine simulations. The problem can be addressed by the use of an attached processor that executes the time-critical parts of the simulation without the danger of operating system interrupts during a real-time frame. Both digital signal processors and field-programmable gate arrays have been used for this purpose. Examples based on power electronic systems are presented. The design of a low-cost system capable of achieving frame times as low as 500 nanoseconds is described.