Enhancing a country’s competitiveness through “National Talent Management Framework”

Unquestionably in this era of globalization, human capital is one of the most valuable assets of every nation. The migration of highly skilled professional (Talent) around the world namely ldquoBrain Drainrdquo considerably affects the National Competitiveness especially in Science and Technology. Consequently, various programs have been implemented to reverse the ldquoBrain Drainrdquo into ldquoBrain Gainrdquo. This paper has been carried out with the purposes to present the current Brain Drain situation and the Reverse Brain Drain mechanism of seven significant countries which are Korea, China, India, Turkey, Africa, U.S. and Thailand and to propose a framework to capture the benefit from the international mobility of highly skilled professional especially in research, innovation, and entrepreneurship to their host country. Some significant findings are found from this study. First, Brain Drain is a global effect. It affects not only developing countries but also developed countries. The mobility of highly skilled professionals is asymmetrical and it might move towards Asian Countries in the near future. Second, strong programs to repatriate highly skilled professional aboard have been implemented but their progresses are in the different stages. Third, the three Key Success Factors (KSFs) that stimulate the Reverse Brain Drain mechanism can be identified which are Building National Science and Technology Infrastructure, Strong Supporting from Government and Private Sectors, Having National Policy in Human Resource Development. Last but not least, speaking of developing countries which is in the intermediate stage, Brain Circulation, strengthening their domestic human capital and trying to benefit from their highly skilled professionals overseas are extremely important. A "National Talent Management Framework" to manage Brain Drain can be one of the good solutions to cope with the Brain Drain situation.