Impact of scaling on the effectiveness of dynamic power reduction schemes

Power is considered to be the major limiter to the design of faster and more complex processors in the near future. In order to address this challenge, a combination of process, circuit design and micro-architectural changes are required Consequently, to focus optimization efforts in the right direction, the models proposed and studies performed in this work are a first step for understanding the relative importance of leakage and dynamic energy in future technologies. Further, we analyze the effectiveness of two energy reduction mechanisms that employ voltage scaling, namely, supply and threshold voltage selection. We consider the impact of imminent technology changes and packaging improvements while showing that neglecting the impact of temperature may lead to underestimating power savings by up to 19.5%.