Parameter-free radial distortion correction with centre of distortion estimation

We propose a method of simultaneously calibrating the radial distortion function of a camera along with the other internal calibration parameters. The method relies on the use of a planar (or alternatively nonplanar) calibration grid, which is captured in several images. In this way, the determination of the radial distortion is an easy add-on to the popular calibration method proposed by Zhang [1999]. The method is entirely noniterative, and hence is extremely rapid and immune from the problem of local minima. Our method determines the radial distortion in a parameter-free way, not relying on any particular radial distortion model. This makes it applicable to a large range of cameras from narrow-angle to fish-eye lenses. The method also computes the centre of radial distortion, which we argue is important in obtaining optimal results. Experiments show that this point may be significantly displaced from the centre of the image, or the principal point of the camera