Implications of frequency bias settings on AGC

This paper describes the effects the frequency bias setting, B, has on the operation of automatic generation control systems that are operating with tie-line frequency bias control. Since B can not be continuously measured, it must be estimated annually. The closer the frequency bias setting matches the actual control area´s frequency response characteristic, the better AGC will perform. In order to minimize the estimating error of the frequency bias setting, a better understanding of it is necessary. The authors discuss area control error, tie-line frequency bias, and system natural response in an attempt to better understand the frequency bias setting