Overview of EMAC-95 snow and ice airborne campaign in Finland

Author

Hallikainen, Martti ; Ahola, Pekka ; Rautiainen, Kllnmo ; Pihlflyckt, Jrgen ; Tirri, T. ; Makynen, Mako ; Lahtinen, Janne ; Servomaa, H. ; Makkonen, Petri ; Grandell, Jochen ; Kemppinen, Martti ; Nikulainen, Mikko ; Taskinen, Hannu ; Tauriainen, Simo ; Ro

Author_Institution

Lab. of Space Technol., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo, Finland

Volume

4

fYear

1996

fDate

27-31 May 1996

Firstpage

1998

Abstract

The 1995 European Multisensor Airborne Campaign (EMAC-95) on snow and ice was funded by European Space Agency (ESA) and national authorities. The main test sites were in Finland (sea ice, snow in boreal areas) and Norway (land ice, snow in mountainous areas). The airborne instruments included two microwave radiometer systems (Helsinki University of Technology HUTRAD and UK Meteorological Office system) and two SAR sensors (ESAR from DLR (Germany) and EMISAR from Technical University of Denmark). This paper summarizes the activities in the Finnish test sites. Results from the HUT microwave radiometer measurements in the Campaign are given

Keywords

hydrological techniques; ice; microwave measurement; oceanographic techniques; radiometry; remote sensing; remote sensing by radar; sea ice; snow; EMAC; EMAC-95; EMISAR; ESAR; Europe; European Multisensor Airborne Campaign; Finland; SAR; SHF; airborne campaign; hydrology; land ice; measurement technique; microwave radiometer; microwave radiometry; ocean; radar remote sensing; sea ice; snow cover; snowcover; Instruments; Meteorology; Microwave radiometry; Microwave sensors; Microwave technology; Sea ice; Sensor systems; Snow; Space technology; Testing;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 1996. IGARSS '96. 'Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future.', International

Conference_Location

Lincoln, NE

Print_ISBN

0-7803-3068-4

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/IGARSS.1996.516868

Filename

516868