Simple design approach of dual-band printed antenna using graphical approximations

Dual operation antennas have gained importance in the development of compact structures. In this paper, a simple approach using graphical approximations is presented for the design of a dual-band antenna. An example of dual-band operation is for the GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite reception with frequencies in the L-band. The chosen antenna is the rectangular microstrip patch having two equal size radiating elements, each operates at a different frequency within the L-band. A mathematical software is used for computing and correlating the relevant design formulae.