Handbook for datum transformations and coordinate conversions and GEOTRANS software

This handbook is intended to provide US Army organizations and agencies with general guidance on selecting the appropriate methods for shifting between local geodetic datums, and the World Geodetic System, and for converting Cartesian and map projection coordinates to and from geodetic coordinates. This guidance is provided to aid in selecting datum shift algorithms, in developing, selecting, and maintaining software using these algorithms, and in implementing this software using these algorithms, and in implementing this software to support operational units. Equations are furnished for map projections and local datums commonly used within the Army and references are provided for other less commonly encountered map projections and datums. The software, GEOTRANS, was developed from this handbook at the Topographic Engineering Center