Title :
R-Factor: A New Parameter to Enhance Location Accuracy in RSSI Based Real-time Location Systems
Author :
Basheer, M.R. ; Jagannathan, S.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA
Abstract :
The fundamental cause of localization error in an indoor environment is fading and spreading of the radio signals due to scattering, diffraction, and reflection. These effects are predominant in regions where there is no-line-of-sight (NLoS) between the transmitter and the receiver. Efficient algorithms are needed to identify the subset of receivers that provide better localization accuracy. This paper introduces a new parameter called the R-Factor to indicate the extent of radial distance estimation error introduced by a receiver and to select a subset of receivers that result in better accuracy in real-time location determination systems (RTLS). In addition, it was demonstrated that location accuracy improves with R-factor reduction. Further, it was shown that for a given R-factor threshold, localization accuracy is enhanced either by increasing the number of receivers that fall below this threshold or by increasing the diversity channel count with appropriate combining of signals from diversity. Therefore, existing localization algorithms can utilize R-factor and diversity through selection combining to improve accuracy. Both analytical and experimental results are included to justify the theoretical results in terms of improvement in accuracy by using R-factor.
Keywords :
mean square error methods; receivers; signal detection; transmitters; R-factor; location accuracy; mean square error methods; non-line-of-sight; radial distance estimation error; real-time location determination systems; received signal strength indicator; Diffraction; Diversity reception; Estimation error; Fading; Indoor environments; Radio transmitters; Real time systems; Receivers; Reflection; Scattering;
Conference_Titel :
Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks, 2009. SECON '09. 6th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on
Conference_Location :
Rome
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-2907-3
Electronic_ISBN :
978-1-4244-2908-0
DOI :
10.1109/SAHCN.2009.5168967