A closed-form DOA estimation formula of multiple coherent waves for uniform linear array

This paper presents a closed-form DOA(Direction-Of-Arrival) estimation formula of coherent waves received by ULA (Uniform Linear Array). The proposed DOA estimation formula does not employ eigendecomposition, iteration, optimization or space averaging, therefore it requires very low computational cost but achieves high resolution. Surprisingly, the present simple DOA estimator has almost the same accuracy with (and sometimes better than) major conventional DOA estimation algorithms. The estimation accuracy and the computational cost are evaluated through computer simulation in comparison with those by some major conventional algorithms.