Shape calculation of ferrofluid droplet with three effects of magnetic field, gravitational field and surface tension using finite element analysis coupled with level set method

This paper presents a numerical method to calculate shape of ferrofluid droplet that undergoes three effects: external magnetic field, gravitational force and surface tension. The shape is calculated using an equilibrium energy condition of the coupled system of electromagnetic field and gravitational field and surface tension. The shape of the ferrofluid is traced using level set method, where the continuum shape sensitivity is used for the velocity field on the boundary. The proposed method is applied to a ferrofluid droplet above a DC electromagnet.