Prediction of differential- and common-mode noise in high-speed interconnects with the partial element equivalent circuit technique

Because of its ability to model heterogeneous systems involving both lumped circuit elements and distributed electromagnetic components, the partial element equivalent circuit method is ideally suitable for physical model complexity reduction of large, dense interconnect systems. This paper explores the opportunities arising from this capability in the context of the electromagnetic analysis of interconnect- and package-induced signal distortion and radiated emissions. In particular, emphasis is placed on the implementation within the partial element equivalent circuit modeling framework of transmission line models for coupled interconnects. It is shown that the accuracy of such modeling is dependent not only on whether the interconnects are balanced, but also on the type of noise interaction that is under investigation