18.4 A 4.9mΩ-sensitivity mobile electrical impedance tomography IC for early breast-cancer detection system

Approximately 1 in 8 U.S. women will develop breast cancer over the course of her lifetime, and breast cancer death rates are higher than those for any other cancer, besides lung cancer. In 2013, an estimated 232,340 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. and about 39,620 women in the U.S. are expected to die from breast cancer [1]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), if breast cancer can be detected and treated early, one-third of these cancer deaths could be prevented. For the early detection of breast cancer, X-ray mammography and ultrasonic screening are mainly used in hospitals. However, for personal cancer detection at home, currently, only unscientific palpation can be used, which is not particularly effective for early detection of tumors.