Second and third harmonic generations of vandyl-phthalocyanine single crystal prepared on KBr substrate by molecular beam epitaxy

Vandyl-phthalocyanine (VOPc) single crystals were prepared on KBr (100) substrate by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The second and third harmonic generations of nonlinear optical thin films are proportional to the square of the thickness. Therefore, it´s important to prepare a large nonlinear optical single crystal. The orientation of VOPc single crystals prepared by the MBE method was studied by optical absorption spectra in the visible and infrared regions, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). VOPe single crystals on KBr were epitaxially or monoclinically grown