Title :
Comparison study of Distributed Raman Amplifier gain characteristics on CWDM band by employing SMF, NZDF, DCF, & DSF based on numerical simulation
Author :
Repi, V. Vekky R ; Darusalam, Ucuk ; Priambodo, Purnomo Sidi
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Phys. Eng., Nat. Univ., Jakarta
Abstract :
On this preliminary work we employ distributed raman amplifier with pumping schemes are forward- & backward pumping on SMF. The model of simulation and analysis used are multiple-pump interactions on CWDM band. We used four level configuration of pumps on wavelengths; 1435 nm, 1445 nm, 1455 nm and 1465 nm with the range of tuneable power levels are 300 mWatt - 400 mWatt each ones. The average results of Stokes gain measured at L = 0 km and L = 40 km are 17.875 B and -3.5 dB respectively while the noise figure is at the range of 3 dB - 2.5 dB. The maximum length of fiber are reach at L = ~50 km. Two factors found that could decreasing the performances of distributed Raman amplifier are amplified spontaneous scattering (ASS) and Rayleigh backscattering effects. Finally the flattening gains for C band are reached successfully.
Keywords :
Raman lasers; Rayleigh scattering; laser tuning; optical fibre amplifiers; optical fibre communication; optical fibre dispersion; optical pumping; optical transmitters; superradiance; wavelength division multiplexing; CWDM band; DCF; DSF; NZDF; Rayleigh backscattering effects; SMF; Stokes gain; amplified spontaneous scattering; backward pumping; dispersion compensating fiber; dispersion shifted fiber; distributed Raman amplifier gain characteristics; forward pumping; multiple-pump interaction; noise figure; noise figure 3 dB to 2.5 dB; nonzero dispersion-shifted fiber; power 300 mW to 400 mW; single-mode fiber; size 40 km; size 50 km; tuneable amplifier; wavelength 1435 nm; wavelength 1445 nm; wavelength 1455 nm; wavelength 1465 nm; Analytical models; Distributed amplifiers; Gain measurement; Noise figure; Noise measurement; Numerical simulation; Raman scattering; Rayleigh scattering; Stimulated emission; Wavelength measurement; Amplified Spontaneous Scattering; C-Band; Distributed Raman Amplifier; Noise Figures; Rayleigh backscattering; Standard Single-Mode Fiber (SMF); Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS); Stokes Gain; WDM; forward- & backward pump; multiple-pump interactions;
Conference_Titel :
Applied Electromagnetics, 2007. APACE 2007. Asia-Pacific Conference on
Conference_Location :
Melaka
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-1434-5
Electronic_ISBN :
978-1-4244-1435-2
DOI :
10.1109/APACE.2007.4603930
