Study of rectangular waveguide elements for planar wide-angle scanning phased array antennas

Rectangular waveguide elements in an infinite planar phased array are analysed with respect to wide-angle scanning. Three waveguide geometries are considered: two dual polarized square waveguides and one rectangular waveguide. The waveguides are matched for minimum average reflected power over the scan range. This cost function is shown to give a match suitable for wide-angle scanning