Load as a controllable resource for dynamic security enhancement

The traditional form of load control (shedding) tends to be quite disruptive to consumers, and so is often avoided. The paper suggests an alternative strategy that is based on controlling individual loads, such that interruptions effectively go unnoticed by consumers. An hierarchical control structure is required, with lower-level substation-based controllers consolidating information about available controllable load. The higher-level controller uses that information to formulate strategies to steer the system through events. Model predictive control is proposed for the higher-level control