In-Site Real-Time Photovoltaic I–V Curves and Maximum Power Point Estimator

This paper presents a practical implementation of a photovoltaic I-V curves and maximum power point estimation algorithm (IVMPPE). The IVMPPE estimates the I-V curve and sets the operation of the solar panels at a voltage that extracts the maximum available power without tracking. The operation is based on solving the parameters of the solar array equivalent electrical model, in real time, only with the measurements of six voltage and current coordinates near the operating point. Moreover, the strategy for selecting the measured points and the discard procedures for incorrect estimated curves are also detailed. To validate the IVMPPE, it has been tested under different operating conditions, and its accuracy has been compared with the classical perturb and observe (P&O) technique. The distinguishing feature of the IVMPPE is that complete I-V model is obtained, not only the MPP, enlarging the capabilities to other fields, e.g., real-time monitoring and prediction.