Transmission-line modelling (TLM) as a high frequency numerical modelling tool

Transmission-line modelling (TLM) is a numerical modelling technique rapidly growing in popularity. In its present form, TLM is approximately 25 years old, however, its roots date back to the 1940s. The increased development can be attributed to significant developments in computing power, giving rise to application areas including electromagnetics, acoustics, thermal modelling and electric circuit modelling. The paper discusses the history of TLM, describes its general features, notes some of its areas of application and, with emphasis on high frequency electromagnetic modelling, discusses specific features and applications