The computation of three-dimensional systems with various turbulence model variations

The standard k-ε equations and other turbulence corrections are evaluated and reported with respect to their applicability in three-dimensional flows. The turbulence models are formulated on the assumption that an isotropic eddy viscosity and the modified Boussinesq hypothesis adequately describe the stress distributions, and that the source of predictive error is a consequence of the modeled terms in the k-ε equations. Turbulence model corrections are incorporated to investigate their impact on these errors. Predictions from various turbulence models are compared with experimental data from an isothermal 3-D configuration. The data comparisons delineate the relative advantages and disadvantages of various modifications. The k-ε model performs competitively with other model corrections and in some instances is judged to be superior than the modified treatments. However, given the additional computational time and the marginal superiority of the investigated models, it is recommended that present 3-D computational code calculations retain the standard k-ε model