The comparison between Luneburg lens and Single Medium Spherical Lens

Luneburg lens has the character of converging the incoming plane wave in the position of the spherical diametrical focus. It can change the width of the beam and increase the gain of the whole antenna system. Generally, the Luneburg lens antenna consists of a Luneburg lens and a feed source with certain gain such as wave guide port or horn antenna. Luneburg lens which this paper researches makes up of layered dielectric spherical shells. Normally, the production of this kind of lens is complicated which makes the cost of the antenna very high. Consequently, the concept of single medium spherical lens was proposed. This paper focuses on the research of a kind of simple-structured single medium spherical lens. The radiation characteristics of both lens are simulated and compared, especially their focus characteristic, using the rectangular wave guide in X wave band as the feed source