Lumped-networks simulation with CN-FDTD

A three-dimensional implementation of the lumped-networks by Crank-Nicolson finite-difference time-domain (CN-FDTD) algorithm has been presented in this paper. The resulting difference equations allow an arbitrary two-terminal network to be inserted into one FDTD cell, preserving the full explicit nature of the conventional FDTD scheme and requiring a minimum number of additional storage variables. Several examples of planar microwave circuits loaded with lumped networks, are simulated and compared with traditional lumped-networks finite-difference time-domain (LN-FDTD) method and ADS. The accuracy of CN-FDTD implementation for lumped networks in this paper has been verified.