ECG simulations with realistic human membrane, heart, and torso models

We implemented a recent model of the human ventricular cell membrane in our existing human heart model comprising 12 million cells. Using an inhomogeneous torso model, a normal ECG was simulated, as well as ECGs for a membrane model with modified transient outward current. We also investigated the effect of cellular coupling in the heart on the action potentials, and show that electrotonic coupling results in a continuous transmural distribution of action potential durations, despite the presence of only three different inherent cell types.