Investigating the potential contribution of future offshore wind turbines to frequency stability during major system disturbances

This paper investigates the limits to frequency response capabilities of wind turbines equipped with full converters and permanent magnet generators. It takes as a base case real frequency excursions on the GB network and demonstrates control methods to emulate a conventional power plant. However, it shows that droop may be limited to 4% or less and the effective inertial constant may not exceed 3 seconds without increased drive ratings.