Electromagnetic Near Field Estimation For Aperture Antennas

Transmitters generate electromagnetic fields, which might exceed limit values considered safe. These fields must be measured or calculated in order to confirm that they are below these limit values, or to establish boundaries beyond which the levels are safe. For most cases, except where the transmitter power is extremely high, near fields must be evaluated for this purpose. For the sake of simplicity these near field values are often derived from antenna parameters that are easily obtained, i.e. mainly from the antenna gain, and the horizontal and vertical radiation diagrams