A study of faulty signatures using a matrix formulation

The authors describe a novel matric method of analyzing faulty signatures from both single-input and multiple-input signature registers (MISRs). In particular, the information contained in the faulty signature of an MISR is investigated. The results indicate that the proposed method can be used to locate the faulty cycle or channel(s) of the failing net. The formulation has the advantage of simplicity over the polynomial representation and can be used to determine the relation between an error and its syndrome. The results provide new insights into the application of MISRs to built-in self-test