"Biological effects of electromagnetic waves: A review of current research"

The reasons for, and the differences between non-ionizing radiation "standards" across the world are first discussed, together with the methods used to measure power density. The reported nervous system and behavioural effects of electromagnetic waves, many of which occur at low field strengths, and over a wide range of frequencies, are then summarized. Coordinated work at both the macro and microscopic levels - from animal behaviour to the study of intra and extra-cellular ionic movements - is being undertaken. A cohesive theory may now be emerging on effects induced at the bio-electronic level. Methods for studying field interaction with neural tissue, enhanced tissue healing, possibly through leucocyte depression, effects on small organisms as well as behavioural changes from long term exposure, require the specification of precise and repeatable field conditions, over a wide range of frequencies, pulse rates and environmental factors. In this context the question of actual field strengths and energy deposition (or absorption) vs incident power density presents measurement problems. The paper emphasises the need for verifying existing work and replacing some vague speculations with reliable data from multi-disciplinary research.