A theoretical examination of the bandwidth limits for mixed mode electrically small antennas

The classical limits on the radiation Q and bandwidth have been reexamined for the case electrically small antennas with mixed TE/TM modes. A comparison with the case of transmission lines suggests that some of the underlying assumptions of the classical model may not be applicable in the cases where both TE and TM modes exist. The near filed energy flow has been studied in the case of an electro-magnetic dipole pair, showing the rotational nature of the fields. A possible implementation based on gyrators has been considered as an example which shows a very wideband input matching.