Knowledge-based algorithms for security/economy control of distribution systems

In this paper, several knowledge-based online algorithms are described, which assist the system operator to perform comprehensive distribution controls in a distribution SCADA environment with real-time databases. A typical Hong Kong distribution network with zone substations and open-ended multiple outgoing feeder groups is used as an example for testing the validity of the approach. The authors review an expert system and describes the extension for providing comprehensive controls of the zone substation. By generalizing the procedures for the reallocation of outgoing feeder loads, adequate security margins are achieved for every apparatus on the zone-substation busbars against overloads during outage of a supply transformer