Reconfigurable high-gain stub-loaded monopoles

This paper present two stub-loaded reconfigurable long-wire monopoles that have been successfully designed using a genetic algorithm to meet different performance objectives. One design provides tunable omnidirectional high-gain performance while the other design offers tunable omnidirectional to directional high-gain performance. The high gains for both designs are achieved by utilizing an electrically long wire monopole together with optimized stubs attached at strategic locations along its length. Moreover, the reconfigurable features for the designs are accomplished by placing a switch across one of the stubs in the monopole.