Correlation Properties of Large Scale Fading Based on Indoor Measurements

Statistical channel models are attractive for their simplicity but sometimes lack in precision. In order to improve modelling accuracy, statistical model parameters, which are dependent on the environment, are extended to include spatial and temporal correlation. In outdoor scenarios these parameters are assumed constant over "large" areas of several wavelengths hence the name large scale parameters. This paper studies the large scale fading (LSF) and the applicability of bringing this previously used outdoor variable to the indoor case. The impacts of the model of the LSF on the outdoor system-performance have been studied and several relevant models have been proposed for outdoor cases. We present the intra-site autocorrelation as well as the inter-site cross correlation of the LSF for an indoor channel. The results are based on two separate measurement campaigns conducted at KTH, Stockholm and TUI, Ilmenau, using a single mobile station (MS) and multiple base stations (BSs) to investigate such models. We observe that the areas under which the LSF could be assumed constant are, in indoor scenarios, so small that it can be assumed independent from one local area to another. Furthermore, we find results that point towards the existence of inter-site correlation in some specific scenarios.