An Energy Efficient Cooperative Density Control Algorithm in Large Wireless Sensor Networks

An energy efficient cooperative density control algorithm, EECDC, is proposed in this paper. EECDC is based on a new sensing model - cooperative sensing model (CSM) other than traditional Boolean sensing model (BSM), and multi-sensors´ cooperative exploration is considered in it. According to CSM, serials of nonlinear constrained programming models are developed to find the optimal conditions for full coverage with minimal sensor nodes. A mathematical iterative algorithm is employed to solve the problems. Based on the findings, EECDC selects sensor nodes as close to optimal locations as possible to be the working nodes. Simulations show that EECDC outperforms traditional optimal density control algorithm in term of number of working nodes needed, and achieves almost the same coverage. As a result, it achieves higher energy efficiency and longer network lifetime.