Dual-frequency air-spaced patch antennas

This paper presents a low-loss air-spaced manufacturing method, which is extended through a study of dual-frequency patch techniques. These two techniques for achieving dual-frequency operation with microstrip patches have been taken from the literature and applied to an air-spaced manufacturing method. Dual-frequency operation has been demonstrated in both cases. Some control of the frequency ratio is possible by controlling the support dimensions. Series-fed arrays using these elements could also be investigated. The element may be more suitable for this application if only one support is used.