Distance-Dependent Model of Ricean K-Factors in High-Speed Rail Viaduct Channel

This paper proposes a distance-dependent Ricean K-factor model for a line-of-sight (LOS) viaduct scenario in the high-speed rail (HSR) of China. Extensive narrowband measurements conducted at 930 MHz are utilized. The propagation environment can be categorized into two cases: moderate suburban and dense suburban. The estimated K-factors are modeled as a piecewise-linear function of distance. The statistical fluctuations of K-factors are well considered by introducing the standard deviation to the expression. A detailed comparison between the piecewise-linear K-factor model and that of other literature validates the proposed model. Our results will be useful in the modeling of HSR viaduct channels and the performance analysis such as channel capacity and throughput for HSR wireless communication systems.