Large-scale location estimation over GSM networks: the gear approach

Mobile location estimation is a difficult task in wireless communication. Many scholars resolve this problem by formulating a suitable propagation model for the specific environment. The two layer self-organizing map and the log-distance path loss model are used to build the cell-specific propagation model or the power map in the approximation phase. A well-trained power map can precisely explain the features and surroundings of a cell. In the recommendation process, power maps are prepared, merged and an optimized lookup function is to estimate a correct position.