Algorithm-based fault tolerance in computation of power flow

The LU decomposition followed by forward/backward substitution is a very powerful technique for power flow studies. In order to ensure the reliability of computation, the algorithm-based fault tolerance (ABFT) is applied to LU decomposition in power flow studies. This technique is proposed not only to detect and correct errors caused by hardware failure but also to debug programs. Since the ABFT often suffers from roundoff errors when applied to the floating-point number system, a new technique called significant-bit maintenance arithmetic (SBMA) is also suggested for handling numerical problems