Quality factor study of planar antennas

In this paper, we present a quality factor study of electrically small planar antennas. Several matched and unmatched miniaturized monopole antennas using meander structures are designed, fabricated and measured. Antennas have different lengths and widths so they occupy different areas and volumes. Their quality factor Q_z is calculated from their input impedance. We especially show that the quality factor remains unchanged when the antenna is matched or not with reactive impedance techniques.