Dynamic Behavior of a Three-Species Ecological System with the Beddington-DeAngelis Functional Response

In this paper, the dynamic complexity of a three-species ecological system with the Beddington-DeAngelis functional response is studied by using Lyapunov exponents, and bifurcation diagrams. Furthermore, the effects of intraspecies density dependence (IDD) on the dynamics of the model are investigated. It has been found that the addition of IDD to a three-species ecological model stabilizes the system, changing the dynamics from chaotic to periodic. Finally, the effects of external stochastic disturbances (ESD) on chaotic population dynamics are investigated using bifurcation diagrams and chaotic attractors. The results show that the system exhibits rich and complex features, including stable, periodic, and chaotic dynamics.